Resumo Objetivou-se relatar a experiência no gerenciamento de pesquisa-ação sobre inquérito de hepatite C junto à comunidade carcerária no Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais. A proposta foi desenvolvida entre março de 2019 e março de 2020, alcançando 240 pessoas, com o intuito de conter a disseminação do agravo por meio de inquérito, testagem e acompanhamento dos casos positivos. Adotou-se ação intersetorial, com articulação entre universidades, sociedade médica, hospital de ensino e Secretaria de Estado de Justiça e Segurança Pública. As estratégias para o gerenciamento da pesquisa-ação foram: cenários e atores do estudo, registro e formalização da atividade, aplicação dos testes e manejo dos internos reagentes. Dificuldades foram identificadas quanto à acomodação de rotinas entre equipe de pesquisadores e funcionamento próprio da penitenciária, o que exigiu treinamento ostensivo entre as partes e articulações gerenciais. Considera-se que o relato, quando destaca as estratégias adotadas para a condução da pesquisa, colabora para a organização de investigações futuras que visem acessar essa população ainda invisibilizada.

Abstract We aimed to report the experience in managing action research on hepatitis C investigation in the prison community in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The proposal was developed from March 2019 to March 2020, reaching 240 people to contain the spread of the disease through a survey, testing, and monitoring of positive cases. We adopted intersectoral action with articulation between Universities, Medical Society, Teaching Hospital, and State Secretariat for Justice and Public Security. Strategies for the management of action research are described: study settings and stakeholders, registration and formalization of the activity, application of tests, and management of reagent inmates. We identified difficulties regarding the accommodation of routines among the research team and the proper functioning of the penitentiary, which required extensive training between the parties and managerial articulations. We consider that the report collaborates with the organization of future research aimed at accessing this still invisible population, the prison community when it highlights the strategies adopted to conduct the research.

ABSTRACT Clinical similarities among viral diseases become even more relevant considering the current scenario, especially in Brazil, where there is a high incidence of these diseases and overlapping seasonality. We report the case of a patient with acute clinical manifestations composed of predominant respiratory symptoms and alveolar hemorrhage in which three etiologies (dengue, influenza and COVID-19) were investigated concomitantly. Only the diagnosis of dengue was confirmed. Then, the patient’s immunological profile in response to stimulation of mononuclear cells with dengue virus antigen was analyzed in an attempt to identify specific characteristics that could be associated with the clinical manifestation.

Abstract We aimed to report the experience in managing action research on hepatitis C investigation in the prison community in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The proposal was developed from March 2019 to March 2020, reaching 240 people to contain the spread of the disease through a survey, testing, and monitoring of positive cases. We adopted intersectoral action with articulation between Universities, Medical Society, Teaching Hospital, and State Secretariat for Justice and Public Security. Strategies for the management of action research are described: study settings and stakeholders, registration and formalization of the activity, application of tests, and management of reagent inmates. We identified difficulties regarding the accommodation of routines among the research team and the proper functioning of the penitentiary, which required extensive training between the parties and managerial articulations. We consider that the report collaborates with the organization of future research aimed at accessing this still invisible population, the prison community when it highlights the strategies adopted to conduct the research.

Resumo Objetivou-se relatar a experiência no gerenciamento de pesquisa-ação sobre inquérito de hepatite C junto à comunidade carcerária no Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais. A proposta foi desenvolvida entre março de 2019 e março de 2020, alcançando 240 pessoas, com o intuito de conter a disseminação do agravo por meio de inquérito, testagem e acompanhamento dos casos positivos. Adotou-se ação intersetorial, com articulação entre universidades, sociedade médica, hospital de ensino e Secretaria de Estado de Justiça e Segurança Pública. As estratégias para o gerenciamento da pesquisa-ação foram: cenários e atores do estudo, registro e formalização da atividade, aplicação dos testes e manejo dos internos reagentes. Dificuldades foram identificadas quanto à acomodação de rotinas entre equipe de pesquisadores e funcionamento próprio da penitenciária, o que exigiu treinamento ostensivo entre as partes e articulações gerenciais. Considera-se que o relato, quando destaca as estratégias adotadas para a condução da pesquisa, colabora para a organização de investigações futuras que visem acessar essa população ainda invisibilizada.

Abstract A 15 years-old woman presented with an abnormal mass prolapsing through the introitus. An operative hysteroscopy revealed an elongated mass with 7 cm in length consistent with an endocervical polyp. The histopathology confirmed the diagnosis. At 3 months follow-up, there was no evidence of recurrence. Cervical polyps are rare in adolescents, with few cases with a size ≥3 cm reported in the literature. Minimally invasive surgery through vaginoscopic approach is a good option to see and treat genital tract pathology in women with intact hymen or limited vaginal access.

The authors present a case of a non-palpable contraceptive implant removal. Imagiology techniques as an upper arm radiograph can be used to locate non-palpable implants, which can be either migrated, damaged or both. Broken implants are an unusual occurrence but, as shown through our case, this complication may not be associated with an impairment of the contraceptive efficacy.

Abstract Obtaining collagen and hydrolysates from mechanically separated chicken meat residue is an excellent way to add value to this waste. The aims of this study were to obtain collagen hydrolysates from chicken MSM residue using Alcalase® and Flavourzyme® enzymes, as well characterizing the functional, structural and thermal stability properties. The highest degree of hydrolysis was obtained using Alcalase®, 36.11%, while using Flavourzyme® resulted in 12.02%. The DSC analysis of the collagen indicated a denaturation temperature of 46.47 °C. The FTIR spectra of the crude collagen showed absorption peaks that were characteristic of amide bands A, B, I, II and III. In the spectra of the hydrolysed the area of the amide bands was reduced, and some peaks appeared between 800 and 1,200 cm-1. The disappearance of high molecular weight bands in the SDS-PAGE analysis also confirmed the hydrolysis of collagen. After the hydrolysis, the collagen presented reduced viscosity, the capacity to form foam, and foam stability. The emulsifying activity index was high in the hydrolysates in relation to the crude collagen. Thus, the use of Alcalase® and Flavourzyme® to obtain hydrolysates from collagen derived from chicken MSM residue was shown to be viable, and potentially useful for industrial applications.

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of thermal treatments using different water temperatures and immersion times, as well as the application of eggshell coatings using edible materials on eggshell quality after storage for 4 weeks at room temperature (22.8 ± 4.4 °C). A total of 180 brown fresh eggs were distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments and five replicates of six eggs each. The treatments consisted of a control group without any treatment (T1), three groups treated thermally: 56 °C/32 minutes (T2); 56 °C/20 minutes (T3); 56 °C/10 minutes (T4); and two groups with gelatin 2% (T5) and 5% NaCl solution (T6). After storage, it was found that the heat treatments at 56 °C for 10, 20 and 32 minutes provided maintenance of the albumen height, which reflected the values of the Haugh units but negatively influenced the albumen foam stability. The treatment with 5% NaCl solution showed the lowest lipid oxidation rate and the best albumen foam stability. The proposed treatments (thermal or coatings), individually, caused significant improvements on some eggs quality markers evaluated after 30 days of storage.

RESUMO Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as relações entre o público e o privado, mais especificamente a privatização na educação, por meio da parceria da Secretaria de Estado da Educação de Alagoas (Seduc/AL) com a Fundação Lemann - curso Gestão para Aprendizagem, direcionado aos gestores escolares, com foco na gestão de resultados, reforçando o modelo gerencial de gestão na escola e as implicações para a democratização da educação. Analisamos a relação público e privado na educação como parte de um processo de correlação de forças que ocorre na sociedade, não apenas como propriedade, mas como projetos societários em disputa, tanto no Estado, quanto na sociedade civil. O privado não é uma abstração, nossas análises apontam para redes de sujeitos individuais ou coletivos (THOMPSON, 1981) que se relacionam e defendem projetos com interesses de classe, vinculados ao mercado e/ou ao neoconservadorismo. A pesquisa é qualitativa, com análise documental do material das aulas do curso Gestão para Aprendizagem, vídeos e planilhas padronizadas. Os dados coletados nos levaram a identificar a ênfase na gestão gerencial, em detrimento da gestão democrática, como parte do pressuposto neoliberal de que o público vai mal e o mercado tem que ser o padrão de qualidade, nos permitindo afirmar que a gestão gerencial tem assumido a direção das escolas públicas de Alagoas, com a imposição de ações padronizadas e rotinas pré-estabelecidas, retirando da escola sua autonomia administrativa e pedagógica.

ABSTRACT This article aims to analyze the relationship between the public and the private, more specifically privatization in education, through the partnership of Seduc / AL. with the Lemann Foundation Course on Managerialism for Learning aimed at school administrators with a focus on Managerialism Based on Performance, reinforcing the managerial management model in schools and the implications for the democratization of education. We analyze the public-private relationship in education as part of a process of correlation of forces that occurs in society, not only as property, but as disputed corporate projects, both in the State and in civil society. The private is not an abstraction, our analyses point to networks of individual or collective subjects (THOMPSON, 1981) that relate and defend projects with class interests, linked to the market and/or to neo-conservatism. The research is qualitative, with documentary analysis of the material of the lessons of the Course on Managerialism for Learning, videos, and standardized spreadsheets. The data collected points to an emphasis on managerialism as part of the neoliberal assumption that the public is doing poorly and the market has to be the standard of quality. Managerialism has taken over the administration of public schools in Alagoas, with the imposition of standardized actions and pre-established routines, removing from these their administrative and pedagogical autonomy.

RESUMO O artigo apresenta pesquisa sobre o conceito de criança anormal divulgado em um conjunto de artigos publicados na Revista do Ensino de Minas Gerais, na década de 1930. Foram levantados artigos que expressam como a criança anormal era compreendida pelos contemporâneos daquela época. Da análise dos textos, emergiram duas categorias: classificação das crianças anormais, suas características e explicações causais da anormalidade; o papel da escola na educação das crianças anormais. Utilizamos contribuições da história conceitual de Koselleck, segundo a qual conceitos expressam aspectos da experiência e da dimensão teórica de sujeitos em contextos e tempos históricos específicos. A pesquisa demonstrou que a articulação desse conceito incluía concepções fundamentadas nos debates sobre ambiente e hereditariedade, nos saberes elaborados pela psicologia e na discussão sobre o papel da escola e a educação das novas gerações.

ABSTRACT The present article displays a research on the concept of abnormal child disclosed in a set of articles published in Minas Gerais Revista do Ensino (Journal of Teaching), in the 1930s. Articles that express the way an abnormal child was understood by their contemporaries were outlined. From the analysis of the texts, two categories turned out: classification of abnormal children, their characteristics and causal explanations of the abnormality, and the role of the school in the education of abnormal children. We used contributions from Koselleck’s conceptual history, whose concepts express aspects of experience and the theoretical dimension of subjects in specific historical contexts and times. The research showed that the articulation of this assumption included concepts based on debates about environment and heredity, on the knowledge developed by psychology, and on the debate about the role of the school and the education of new generations.

RESUMEN El artículo presenta la investigación sobre el concepto de infante anormal divulgado en un conjunto de artículos publicados en la Revista do Ensino (Revista de la Enseñanza), de Minas Gerais, en la década de 1930. Han sido buscados artículos que expresan cómo el niño anormal era comprendido por los contemporáneos de aquella época. Del análisis de los textos, han emergido dos categorías: clasificación de los infantes anormales, sus características y explicaciones causales de la anormalidad, y el papel de la escuela en la educación de los infantes anormales. Utilizamos contribuciones de la historia conceptual de Koselleck, según las cuales los conceptos expresan aspectos de la experiencia y de la dimensión teórica de los sujetos en contextos y tiempos históricos específicos. La investigación ha demostrado que la articulación de ese concepto incluía concepciones fundamentadas en los debates acerca del ambiente y de la herencia, en los saberes elaborados por la psicología y en la discusión sobre el papel de la escuela y la educación de las nuevas generaciones.

Abstract Introduction: obesity is associated with high levels of oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation. There is a lot of evidence that some polyphenols, such as green tea, have a positive impact on the OS state and consecutively, on inflammation. Objectives: the purposes of this study were: a) evaluate OS biomarkers in both obese and normal weight women; and b) evaluate if green tea supplementation has an impact on OS and inflammatory cytokine biomarkers of obese women. Methods: we evaluated obese (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 40 kg/m²) and normal weight (BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m²) women. Blood samples were used to access malondialdehyde (MDA), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and inflammatory cytokines. We randomly chose obese patients (18 individuals) and then gave them green tea supplementation for eight weeks. Statistical analysis included the Shapiro-Wilk, Wilcoxon, independent and paired t tests; p < 0.05 were considered as significant. Results: we enrolled 42 obese (BMI: 48.2 ± 9.3kg/m2) and 21 normal weight (BMI: 22.5 ± 2 kg/m2) women with an average age of 36.2 ± 9.1 years old. The serum levels of MDA were higher in obese (2.52 ± 0.31 µmol/l) than in eutrophic women (2.13 ± 0.26 µmol/l; p = 0.000). On the other hand, lower TEAC values were observed in the obese (0.75 ± 0.06 mM/l) than in the eutrophic group (0.78 ± 0.04 mM/l; p = 0.009). After the green tea intervention, MDA decreased 4.7% and TEAC increased 10%. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) serum levels decreased 12.7% after treatment (p = 0.03). Conclusions: a) the obese group had lower antioxidant capacity than eutrophic; and b) green tea supplementation ameliorated TEAC and MDA and reduced serum levels of IL-6 in obese women.

Resumen Introducción: la obesidad se asocia con altos niveles de estrés oxidativo (EO) e inflamación. Existe mucha evidencia de que algunos polifenoles, como el té verde, tienen un impacto positivo en el estado del EO y, consecutivamente, en la inflamación. Objetivos: los propósitos de este estudio fueron: a) evaluar los biomarcadores de EO en mujeres obesas y de peso normal; y b) evaluar si la suplementación con té verde tiene un impacto en el EO y biomarcadores de citoquinas inflamatorias de las mujeres obesas. Métodos: evaluamos mujeres obesas (índice de masa corporal [IMC] ≥ 40 kg/m²) y con peso normal (IMC entre 18,5 y 24,9 kg/m²). Se utilizaron muestras de sangre para determinar el malondialdehído (MDA), la capacidad antioxidante equivalente de trolox (TEAC) y las citoquinas inflamatorias. Elegimos al azar pacientes obesas (18 individuos) y luego les dimos suplementos de té verde durante ocho semanas. El análisis estadístico incluyó las pruebas de Shapiro-Wilk, Wilcoxon, t pareadas e independientes; p < 0,05 fueron considerados como significativos. Resultados: se reclutaron 42 mujeres obesas (IMC: 48,2 ± 9,3 kg/m2) y 21 de peso normal (IMC: 22,5 ± 2 kg/m2) con un promedio de edad de 36,2 ± 9,1 años. Los niveles séricos de MDA fueron más altos en las personas obesas (2,52 ± 0,31 µmol/L) que en las mujeres eutróficas (2,13 ± 0,26 µmol/L; p = 0,000). Por otro lado, se observaron valores TEAC más bajos en los obesos (0,75 ± 0,06 mM/L) que en el grupo eutrófico (0,78 ± 0,04 mM/L; p = 0,009). Después de la intervención con té verde, la MDA disminuyó 4.7% y el TEAC aumentó 10%. Los niveles séricos de interleucina-6 (IL-6) disminuyeron 12.7% después del tratamiento (p = 0,03). Conclusiones: a) mujeres obesas tienen menor capacidad antioxidante que las eutrófica; y b) la suplementación con té verde mejora TEAC y MDA y redujo los niveles séricos de IL-6 en mujeres obesas.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is affected by demographic, virological, clinical, and lifestyle-related factors and varies in different regions in Brazil or worldwide. The present study aimed to clarify the epidemiological patterns of HCV infection in the interior region of Brazil. METHODS: This study was conducted in the Southern Triangle Macro-region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, according to the guidelines of the National Program for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis. The participants answered a structured questionnaire on social and epidemiological factors. Immunochromatographic rapid tests were used for the qualitative detection of antibodies against HCV in whole blood (Alere HCV® Code 02FK10) in adult subjects by a free-standing method. RESULTS: Of 24,085 tested individuals, 184 (0.76%) were anti-HCV positive. The majority of anti-HCV-positive individuals were born between 1951 and 1980 (n=146 [79.3%]), with 68 women and 116 men. Identified risk factors included syringe and/or needle sharing (p = 0.003), being in prison (p = 0.004), and having tattoos or piercings (p = 0.005) and were significantly associated with the decade of birth. CONCLUSIONS: The study shows the importance of testing populations at risk for HCV infection, including incarcerated individuals, those with tattoos or piercings, those who share or have shared syringes or needles, and those in high-risk birth cohorts (1950s, 1960s, and 1970s) in the Southern Triangle Macro-region.

Abstract Ginger and white yam starches were investigated and compared with maize starch. Proximal composition, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, microscopy, colourimetry, X-ray powder diffractometry and pasting profile were analysed. The unconventional starches presented higher protein and ash contents than the maize starch, that had the highest thermal stability. Higher gelatinisation temperatures were reported for ginger starch, and the enthalpy of the unconventional starches were similar. The maize starch presented the lowest gelatinisation values. For the corn starch the granules were polygonal and smaller than the unconventional starches, and oval shapes and larger diameters were found for the ginger and yam starches. The unconventional starches presented less brightness and a greater tendency to red and yellow. The maize and ginger starches had A-type diffraction patterns, while the white yam starch had a C-type pattern. The highest relative crystallinity was observed for the ginger starch and there were small differences between the yam and maize starches. Higher peak viscosity and final viscosity and lower pasting temperature were observed for the yam starch. Ginger starch showed the highest shear and stability of heating glue, so may be used in products processed under high temperatures; and yam starch can be used in acidic foods that require high viscosities.

Resumo Introdução: Crianças com Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade (TDAH) apresentam dificuldades motoras acentuadas e possivelmente apresentam o Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação (TDC) como coocorrente. Objetivo: Identificar o perfil motor de escolares com diagnóstico interdisciplinar de TDAH. Método: Participaram do estudo 46 escolares, de ambos os gêneros, na faixa etária de 7 a 10 anos e 11 meses de idade, de escolas públicas municipais de cidades do interior de São Paulo, distribuídos em dois grupos: Grupo I (GI) - composto por 23 escolares, com diagnóstico interdisciplinar de TDAH; Grupo II (GII) - composto por 23 escolares com desenvolvimento típico e com bom desempenho acadêmico. Os escolares foram pareados segundo gênero e faixa etária. Os grupos passaram por avaliação motora (Moviment Assessment Battery for Children - Second Edition - Movement ABC-2). Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente visando à caracterização e comparação intra e intergrupos do perfil motor dos escolares. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que no GI estiveram presentes 43,48% com indicativo de Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação (TDC), sendo a Habilidade do Equilíbrio a mais acometida. No GII, não foram encontrados escolares com indicativo de TDC. É possível destacar uma incidência de TDC na população com TDAH, em aproximadamente 43%. Conclusão: Esses achados reforçam a importância de ações voltadas ao atendimento e diagnóstico precoce desta população pelos professores e profissionais da saúde, objetivando uma melhora na qualidade de vida dessas crianças e familiares envolvidos.

Abstract Introduction: Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) present accented motor difficulties and possibly present the Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) as co-occurring. Objective: Identify the motor profile of students with interdisciplinary diagnosis of ADHD, compare with students with good academic performance, and to verify the incidence of DCD in this population. Method: 46 students of both genders participated in the study, in the age range of 7 to 10 years and 11 months, attending from the 1st to the 5th year of elementary school at public schools in cities of São Paulo state. The students were divided into two groups: Group I (GI) included 23 students with ADHD; Group II (GII) included 23 students with good academic performance. The students were paired according to gender and age. The groups experienced motor assessment (Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition / MABC-2). MABC Test consisted of eight items grouped into three sections (manual dexterity, aiming and catching, and balance), parents/caregivers responded questions about the Economic Classification questionnaire. Results: The results were statistically analyzed in order to characterize and compare the motor profile of the students, intra, and intergroup. The results showed that 43.38% in GI presented indicative of DCD, whereas, in GII, none of the students presented indicative of DCD. However, it is possible to highlight an incidence of DCD in the population with ADHD in about 43%. Conclusion: These findings emphasize the importance of actions to assist and early diagnose this population by teachers, health professionals, and family, improving the life quality of these children.